The Red Shoes :: English Literature Essays

The Red ShoesThe Red Shoes is an imaginary and unreal study related by Hans Christian Anderson. Anderson makes effective use of fantasy to ascertain a moral lesson. He builds up the story in such a way that the reader does not care for the validity of the incidents. The moral lesson is that the high-minded and the disobedient must suffer. Disobedience is a sin, and according to the Christian belief it is what started the demise in the heavens above, so anybody who commits it must suffer. Whatever sins man commits in his lifetime he is punished for them. If only he repents for his sins can he be forgiven and at least he can die in peace. deity forgives them only when they repent for their sins. The story too presents another facts of the Christian belief about sin and punishment, which is based on the strict principles of repentance and forgiveness. In the story Karen is a poor but beautiful girl. At the death of her mother, a rich old lady takes her to her home and brings her up. The widow of the cobbler gave Karen a match of red shoes, which she wore for the first time on her mothers funeral. The old lady who adopted Karen disliked, the red shoes greatly because of Karens obsession for them and so she burnt them. Then once Karen saw the princess wearing beautiful red shoes. Her love for these shoes got re-ignited she liked them a lot indeed. Karen grew up to be a beautiful damsel. She was to be made the member of the perform. Her foster mother, the rich old lady bought her a lovely pair of shoes incidentally those shoes were also red in color. This fact has escaped the old ladys notice, but Karen found them to be exactly what she yearned for. She went to church in those red shoes. She plan that everyone in the church was looking at her shoes. She wore them at the time of confirmation, which was not the proper occasion to wear them. Karen felt very proud of them. She even forgot to solicit in the church when the old lady came to know about it she told K aren not to wear those shoes in future but once again she went to the church wearing those shoes. This accounted for the sin of disobedience she committed.

Themes In African Creation Stories :: African Culture Essays

Themes In African Creation StoriesLike all cultures, African cultures inevitably had to deal with the curve of How did we get here? To answer this pressing question, the people invented stories that reflect the values, morals, and norms of their individual societies. When one examines these stories, one can gain insight into what these cultures were like. An African Cosmogony tells of how the manhood was created through a powerful being named Bumba, who regurgitates the sun, moon, stars, and the first nine living creatures. One of the values that appears in this story is the responsibility of apiece person to do his fair sh atomic number 18 for the community. Each of the nine animals plays its role by creating more creatures to populate the world. For example, the small fish, Yo, brings forth the worlds fish, while the beetle creates insects. This theme is further exemplified by the three sons of Bumba, who each try to do their part to complete the earth. However, one learns that one should not try to do more than one is capable of, as Chedi Bumba does, or the results will not be favorable. Bumba also makes it clear that those whose behavior is detrimental to the community have no place in the community. For instance, Tsetse, lightning, is chased off for being a trouble-maker. Bumba sums up this sense of community by saying, Behold these wonders. They belong to you. The earth is both the property and responsibility of every creature. Lastly, the respect each person should have for the dead is shown through the ants, created by Nyonye Ngana. These creatures went searching for black earth in the depths of the world and covered the barren sands to bury and recognise their creator. An African Story of the Creation of Man takes a much different approach to explaining the origin of humankind. It tells of how the creator Juok molded each race from the colored trunk of that region. Juok then provided humans with the things necessary to fully enjoy and apprecia te life. Among these gifts were two legs, arms, ears, eyes and a mouth. This story depicts the perfection of humans in the sense that they are fully equipped with everything needed for practical purposes. It serves to make people value what they have and their ability to perform many tasks. The regurgitation theme is continued in Egyptian Cosmogony and Theogony.

Get the Highest Price When You Sell Your Existing Websites :: Sell Websites Buy Websites

Get the Highest Price When You Sell Your Existing WebsitesReprinted with permission of VotanWeb.comIt is very important not to be passive when selling your website. If you dont investigate effectiveness buyers while they are investigating you, it bequeath be impossible to get the best deal.While potential buyers are analyzing your website, you should analyze their website. Youre looking for assessments of managements strengths how the comp whatsoever will integrate your website into their current portfolio of websites. You should determine how well the company has handled previous website acquisitions, if any. It is in your best interest to visit as many websites as necessary and full interview all top managers of previously acquired websites.When you receive several offers for your website, you must carefully analyze the future entertain of each proposed acquisition. Companies may offer you a combination of cash, debt, and registered or unregistered stock. Youve got to assess th e financial realities and future of each -- its capital base, cash flow, bank accounts, liquidity, stock value, or potential to go exoteric -- to get a sense of how much the deal will ultimately be worth to you.When I sold the first website I developed, I real the offer made by a company which intended to go public soon after the acquisition of my website. This one detail increased the value of the deal substantially the stock I received as part of the deal went public at $31.50 and was trading at around $74 still six months later. A competing offer made by a nonpublic company, offered me stock options, but I had serious questions about whether those would ever have any value, since the company might never go public.If youre trying to sell your website, you better make the sale your full-time job. Dont be distracted by the day-to-day operation of your website or websites. Most of your time should be invested in researching your potential purchasers while tracking down figures and documentation for them and then negotiating terms.

My Dream in Field :: miscellaneous

My Dream in FieldWhen I was young, I of ten told to myself that when I grew up I could be anything I wanted to be and I eer took for granted that this was true. I knew exactly what I was going to be, and I would spend hours dreaming about how wonderful my life would be when I grew up. One day, though, when did I grew up I realized that things had not turned out the way I had always expected they would.When I was little, I always played with boys. I rarely played with girls, and I often hung out a bang of boys I was very interested with them. We would play soccer and go swimming.Al most every summer afternoon, all the boys in my neighborhood and I would meet on the field to get a soccer plunk for going. Surprisingly, I was always to be favored by all my friends, boys. I was very fast and I could kick the ball far and exactly. I love soccer more than anything, and I would not miss a granular whenever it was showed in television.My chum salmon played soccer too, and I would go the f ield with my friends to attend him play. It was well(p) like the big leagues, with lots of people, the lights that shone so high and the bright you could see other fans sitting far away. I loved to go to my brothers game. I would sit and cheer on my brother and his team. My attention was focused on the field, and my heart would jump with every shoot straight toward the two of goals. And more much exciting when the world cup seasons came. I would spend lot of time to sit in front of television to watch with completely of my family. The favorite team that we favored was the England. When the England won, I would be so excited I could not sleep when they lost, I would go to bed angry just like all my brothers and parents. I have never forgotten the first time my dad and I went to watch the major league soccer game where I decided to be a major league soccer player. The excitement began from my house to the stadium and during the time of game. Now, I was six years old, and nigh peo ple in my country would use bicycles to move or travel around.

Besides his military abilities, what made Alexander successful? What were the most important consequences of his conquests? :: essays research papers

horse parsley was made because of his willingness and ambition to be the best that he could be as a leader. In the beginning of his success, him and his army were deprived of money so he sought quick and decisive battles to gain money and supplies from the conquered territory. Because of horse parsleys ambition to be on the top, he thought of countless ways to be victories in battle, Alexander won a smashing victory in characteristic style He led a cavalry charge across the river into the teeth of the enemy on the opposite bank, almost losing his life in the process and winning the devotion of his soldiers. The coast of Asia Minor now open, Alexander captured the coastal cities, denying them to the Persian fleet (Craig, 105).Another reason what Alexander was so successful was because of his greediness. Craig states that while Alexander was in Tyre, Darius offered him his daughter and his entire empire west of the Euphrates River in exchange for an alliance and an end to the invasio n but Alexander wanted the whole empire. So Alexanders greediness motivated him to create more battles.Alexander seemed to be a very curious type of person. Alexander was filled with plans for the future, for the consolidation and organization of his empire for geographic exploration for novel cites and roads, and harbors perhaps even for further conquests in the west (Craig, 107). As history has shown it, Alexander was one of the greatest generals the world has seen, he never lost a battle or failed in a siege, and with a modest army, he conquered a vast empire. He had rare organizational talents, and his plans for creating a multinational empire was the only intelligent way to consolidate his conquests (Craig, 107). Also, Alexander established many new cities, which these cites promoted commerce and prosperity and introduced Hellenistic civilizations into new areas, as stated in Craig.Alexanders most important consequences of his conquests was when he came to Persepolis, the Per sian capitol, which held splendid palaces and the royal treasury, this bonanza ended his financial troubles and put a vast sum of money into circulation, with economic consequences that lasted for centuries (Craig, 107). Also, as part of his grand scheme of amalgamation and conquest, he married the Bactrian princess Roxane and enrolled thirty thousand young Bactrians to be trained for his army (Craig, 107).

Besides his military abilities, what made Alexander successful? What were the most important consequences of his conquests? :: essays research papers

Alexander was successful because of his willingness and ambition to be the best that he could be as a leader. In the beginning of his success, him and his army were deprived of property so he sought quick and decisive battles to gain money and supplies from the conquered territory. Because of Alexanders ambition to be on the top, he thought of innumerous ways to be victories in battle, Alexander won a smashing victory in characteristic style He led a cavalry charge across the river into the teeth of the enemy on the opposite bank, almost losing his life in the process and winning the devotion of his soldiers. The coast of Asia Minor in a flash open, Alexander captured the coastal cities, denying them to the Persian fleet (Craig, 105).Another reason what Alexander was so successful was because of his greediness. Craig states that while Alexander was in Tyre, Darius offered him his daughter and his entire conglomerate west of the Euphrates River in exchange for an alliance and an end to the invasion but Alexander wanted the whole empire. So Alexanders greediness move him to create more battles.Alexander seemed to be a very curious type of person. Alexander was filled with plans for the future, for the consolidation and organization of his empire for geographic geographic expedition for new cites and roads, and harbors perhaps even for further conquests in the west (Craig, 107). As history has shown it, Alexander was one of the greatest generals the world has seen, he never at sea a battle or failed in a siege, and with a modest army, he conquered a capacious empire. He had rare organizational talents, and his plans for creating a transnational empire was the only intelligent way to consolidate his conquests (Craig, 107). Also, Alexander established many new cities, which these cites promoted commerce and prosperity and introduced Hellenistic civilizations into new areas, as express in Craig.Alexanders most important consequences of his conquests was whe n he came to Persepolis, the Persian capitol, which held splendid palaces and the royal treasury, this bonanza ended his financial troubles and put a vast sum of money into circulation, with economic consequences that lasted for centuries (Craig, 107). Also, as part of his grand scheme of amalgamation and conquest, he married the Bactrian princess Roxane and enrolled thirty thousand young Bactrians to be proficient for his army (Craig, 107).

Teachers and maintenance discipline in a classroom situation

In order to take control a better as a schoolroom director ( instructor ) one must(prenominal) require the come outersHandle of all timey sort of schoolroom unresolved jobLearn to convey any schoolroom under controlGet the pupils attending allow thither be regard for each other particularly sentiments or replies andThere must be quietnessIf one give the gate conceive of himself or herself in the schoolroom twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours passing all the clip specifying to an attentive category. As a instructor you will dis fiddle the deep rooted love in replying the call as a instructor. A instructor whose pupils are punctual because promptness is the psyche of concern, respectful on undertaking and attentive all the will decidedly bask his or her undertaking.Form my observation Manchester Academy is one of the schools that alimentation schoolroom under control, and this shows a clean and clear apprehension of planning. Knowing how to maintain a schoolroom non m erely controlled but on undertaking and attentive is the most important proceeding a instructor can hold, without which no hard-hitting instruction can take topographic point. At Manchester Academy I observed the school has a batch to offer and they encounter given themselves clip to offer it, because it is non a nice feeling traveling to category mundane feeling you do non hold the necessary tools to acquire the acquisition atmosphere you justly deserve.It is a nice feeling traveling to your category knowing that you will be controling in a favorable ambiance that is contributing to larning and that you have the tools to manage any articulate of affairs, or else of seeking to convey order or shushing a chronically riotous pupil or shouting that there should be quietness both clip. Manchester Academy displayed that spirit during the reading lessons.As instructors we do non desire our schoolrooms to be orderly merely for its ain interest or because we are on some sort of powe r trip, but so that we can give pupils what we have to offer. Some times you find you want to larn this from person who does non hold to be that right, but who has had to set up schoolroom control even inside the finish up behaved schoolrooms found anyplace in the universe.Management and theatre are the chief ingredients in the instructors planning. Sound subject and direction underpins every facet of the school life. For made instruction and acquisition to take topographic point it is of import that nigh(a) subject exist in every schoolroom in peculiar and in the school as a whole. Harmonizing to cumulus & A Hill ( 1997 16 ) scholars learn to the best of their abilities in an orderly and pencil eraser environment. Research sueers like Potgieter, Visser, cutting edge der Bank, Mothata and Squelch ( 199759 ) produced that if subject is non taken into consideration, the school environment will be unsafe in the educational procedure may be disrupted. This may besides imp act the educational attainment of scholars. In this respect Levin & A Nalon ( 199130 ) province that, in add-on to the obvious impact on the instruction and larning environment riotous behavior, can besides impact the scholars safety, preparedness to larn every bit beloved as future behavior. In add-on, Hill & A Hill ( 19946 ) if subject can destruct the possibility of a safe and orderly environment and thereby a shackle the center intent of the school. It is hence necessary that subject is maintained in a school for the public assistance and safety of scholars and pedagogues, and for the success of the educational procedure.Learners in the further instruction are working hard to organize the ain individualities asseverating power through the brilliant by presenting instructors. Coetzer & A Le Roux ( 199684 ) endorse this piazza when they stated that, modern kids and young person want to set up their ain life, and by making so will melt Rebel against subject and authoriz ation. They sum up by stating that the young person have been emancipated to populate their ain life styles as they see it fit and accept value different from the society. Sowetan ( South Africannewspaper ) of Thursday March, 17 2011 5 ( Early edition ) states that we call on all students to contend fire with fire-when instructors spud you, you must hit back. As a consequence, instructors beget troubles, experiencing that they are challenged and might lose control.A wish of subject in public schools is experient all over the universe. Wayson & A Pinnell ( 19941534 ) The deficiency of scholar subject in many public schools throughout the universe has been a affair of great concern for school direction and instructors, to a lesser extent for scholars themselves parents and the general populace. Harmonizing to Charles ( 19963 ) legion surveies that were conducted in the USA in 1992, have listed subject is a major job with which instructors must postulate and a important fact or in instructors go forthing the profession. In add-on to the job, Charles ( 19963 ) provinces, instructors try to reassign off from the schools that have high compass points of misbehavior, live in such schools in the custodies of instructors non notwithstanding skilled in exercising keeping subject. From a personal observation and informal interviews with instructors I as a school teacher at a 2nd at the school have concluded that it is subject is non prevailing in Manchester Academy. The bulk of instructors seem to believe that scholars should non be go away entirely to their ain devices without being controlled or supervised. The position of supervising featured Manchester Academy High School. Learners are non left to act in whatever modal value they wish. The instructors in the Manchester Academy are non kicking that they are making more policing work than learning in the schoolroom. Manchester Academy has a computerized manner of tracking and genteelness scholars who mi sbehave harmonizing to the type of offenses. Teachers do non pass clip disproportionately covering with this riotous behavior of scholars and the consequence of the put throughs.Apparently Manchester Academy impart their perceptual experiences in such a manner that scholars took positively towards benefits of instruction. Proper, important and sympathetic counsel of class will ever financial aid scholars to see the demand to set up good resonance with instructors and eventually with parents. It is the duty of the instructors to keep a civilization of instruction and acquisition in schools, but it is non possible to make so if the subject and the safety are non considered in the school environment. Disintegrated subject causes trouble in the attainment of school aims. Schools become there is functional when both scholars and instructors can non work efficaciously and expeditiously under conditions which are non contributing and are shocking. Learners can non set down and instructor s can non learn in an insecure environment. A safe an orderly school environment is a requirement for acquisition and instruction to take topographic point. Thus instructors can merely dispatch their professional responsibilities if there is order and subject in both the schoolroom and the school as a whole.How can teachers keep subject?Research workers are of an sentiment that instructors play a critical function in keeping subject and control indoors the school. Harmonizing to Joubert & A Prinsloo ( 199955 ) , pedagogues are responsible to keep subject at all times. Varma ( 199331 ) provinces that, beyond their duty for learning, pedagogues are besides responsible for the moral development of scholars and to guarantee that they become observant citizens. This implicitly means that within the school union, instructors are expected to react in a commanding Y to misdemeanors of the institutional regulations and of the school and signifiers such as larceny, and strong-arming th at has a direct care on the moral sphere. The Department of Education besides demands that subject be maintained in school so that civilization of instruction and acquisition is realized. Harmonizing to theatrical role 8 ( 1 ) Of the South African Schools Act ( SASA ) ( RSA, 1996 a 8 ) , subject must be maintained in the school and schoolroom state of affairss so that the instruction of scholars flourishes.Teachers are in fact expected to manage riotous scholars in the categories so that scholars can concentrate on the school assignment. Butchart & A McEwan support this position by saying that, inequality school, pedagogues must larn how to manage a riotous scholar in a manner that is non punitory, yet gets the state of affairs under control and at the same clip opens the scholars in head to work in category How to match subject and law?One of the inquiries on the questionnaire is what is your ( instructor ) function in a show in subject in your school? Harmonizing to Hosten et Al ( in Oosthuizen 198559 ) explains comeliness as the moral value that serves as a norm to guarantee nonpartisanship when covering with viing involvements of assorted topics. This denotes that the involvements of both instructors and scholars must be protected. The scholars are the levelheaded topics and have legal rights that should be protected. The scholars other legal topics and have legal rights that should be protected. Section 12 ( 1 ) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa ( RSA, 1996 degree Celsius 8 ) .In this independent survey support ( ISS ) hungry and took shy to reply inquiries that have been asked in the questionnaire.Manchester Academy claim to be executing truly good in footings of subject, direction and leading since its passage. Now strategies for good schoolroom subject could be based on both standard and student behavioral facet to do subject more effectual. The followers may perchance help instructors to better the jobs that may be at th at place in state of affairss, that is, they might be underlying issues in the school and has to be solved in expectancy.Aid to scholars and their voice.Teachers should steer scholars towards their ain behavior. Passing opinion on lawbreakers action instructors should alternatively inquire inquiries that encourage scholars to judge their ain behavior. They should remain focused and if need be, assist scholars to accept ownership of their actions. Teachers should steer scholars for bettering future behavior. They should inquire scholars to explicate alter ways of acting the following clip they are confronted with similar state of affairss. Teachers should construct scholars attachedness to their programs by giving them feedback and support. Learners will experience more committed if instructors acknowledge the cogency of their programs. Making this could be every bit simple as oculus contact. Teachers should non let onionskin alibis are the lone service to rid of duty.Harmonizing to Rich ( 1982169 ) school regulations may be breached when scholars feel that they are undue . This will doubtless go on if scholars were non allowed to take portion in the proviso of regulations. It is hence necessary that scholars must understand why regulations have been formulated and why they should follow with them.Again, harmonizing to Blandford ( 199839 ) a school without an effectual subject indemnity that encompasses schemes and mechanisms that are available to all the members of the school community, can non work as a centre for learning and larning. The procedure of developing and implementing subject policy involves collaborative decision-making. Therefore, all the members of the school should hold an chance to take portion in the decision-making.Sunday Times ( South African newspaper ) of 12.01. 1992, noted that grade 12 scholars in black townships in South Africa, were continuously neglecting because of the conspicuous deficiency of subject among them. It is of import that subject should be maintained at all times in schools and that each and every school must hold a codification of behavior. Teachers should avoid doing irrelevant regulations because this will make serious corrective jobs in the school and the schoolroom. McQueen ( 199256 ) supports this position and infinite that irrelevant regulations are useless and black because ailing chosen regulations will make serious direction and disciplinary jobs in the schoolroom state of affairs.Motivating and promoting scholars.They word motive is derived from a Latin word movere significance to travel ( McLean, 20037 ) . Therefore, motive is the amount of all that moves a individual to action. To actuate indicate that one individual provides another individual with a motivation to make something. Motivation can be regarded as the cardinal grosbeak facet of emotional intelligence. Harmonizing to the South African Oxford Dictionary ( 1998285 ) . The term motivate means to give a in dividual a motivation or inducing to make something. Harmonizing to Word mention online, con sized Oxford lexicon ( 2008 ) the word motive means excite the involvement of. First, it has a directional undertakings taking among options and keeping the action desired. Second, it has strength, for illustration degree of enthusiasm ( McLean 200337 ) . Harmonizing to Burden ( 199516 ) . Most pedagogues use the construct motive to depict those procedures which can elicit any arise behavior, continue to let the behavior to prevail, and lead to taking or preferring a specific behavior. Teachers are hence interested in a peculiar physique of scholar motive which is to actuate scholars to larn. Teachers should guarantee that scholars are motivated to larn and act suitably because demotivated scholars get discouraged easy.Teachers should honor scholars when they are acting good for finishing their work. They should make this through congratulations and category acknowledgment. Any prog ram for covering with misbehavior must include encouragement of good behavior, otherwise learners learn what they are non make, but they have non learnt what they should make.To further discourse the impact of schoolroom subject is partially involves on the scholars conduct, are the ability and accomplishments that instructors should hold. Patience comes foremost, particularly when a scholar has a behavioral job, and this should be given attending in an appropriate manner, hence as portion of the instructors responsibilities and duties. Making it a point that effectual instruction makes scholars learned. The instructor plays a important function in which it imparts the cognition and accomplishments to the scholars and the instructor should love and demo the deep-seated love in the calling that is believed he or she chose it volitionally.The instructor must hold the enterprise on how to cover with each scholar in category, doing it his or her responsibility to affect to maintain sch olars vigorous and at the same clip see their category as gratifying and holding a great impact on the field of larning. Taking into ken that scholars differ in their abilities and instructors should cognize up to what extent would a peculiar be able absorb the lesson. Skills coupled with effectual schoolroom subject can be acquired through pattern, holding feedback and besides willing to accept merely errors is no 1 is infallible. Teachers must walk the talk.Teachers who have many old ages of experience have contributed to a specific position of what peculiar technique work and what are the relevant methods that may non be applicable in training a category with such inevitable scholars behavioral facet. The instructor must do it a point that the instruction method and manner or managing subject must keep a sort of ambiance that enhances larning for the scholars. The manner the category is arranged signifiers portion of category subject. A good category agreement makes it easy to keep subject. It is the instructors duty to be argus-eyed at all times to supervise and detect scholars public presentation in activities. Apparatus, books learning AIDSs and other stuff should ever be readily available.Harmonizing to Ofsted study of the 30th to 31st of March 2009. It is stated that Manchester Academy is outstanding This shows that Manchester Academy as a school is working really hard to bring forth good hereafter citizens.The 2009 study further stated that the school aims to to the full fit the pupils in such a certain mode.Learners are expected to travel into the outside universe, skilled and ready to run into the demands of life. Parents and instructors have a responsibility to fix them to execute good in the community every bit good is in the universe of work. They must hold an impact upon the scholars behavior by learning them about the determinations and choices the scholars have to do every twenty-four hours and how such determinations and hints affect ed their lives, both at school and thenceforth. For illustration, a disciplinary step against a scholar who comes to school tardily will help to promote him or her to be on clip and be more responsible and accountable in the hereafter ( Lemmer, 199847 ) . Discipline challenges the scholars to make self-contemplation about their end and intent in life. Discipline should stress success and non failure. It should help the scholars to develop their single abilities in order to run into challenges of life with assurance. If this has occurred the scholars would hold gained a sense of security and significance in life through subject Lent at school.Decision.Learners of Manchester Academy are good disciplined. They are good motivated and they besides had an chance to research themselves outside the schoolroom, hence they say that they are prepared exceptionally good for farther survey and work beyond the school. The school s positive clime and success are obtained from the good behavior of scholars. The instructors in a subject school our free and happy to learn without being preoccupied with tenseness and fright caused by misconducting scholars. The disciplinary jobs that are common in lending to, indiscipline in Manchester Academy seems to be determine and discussed with scholars so that proactive actions are taken to advance good subject. Rights and responsibilities of instructors and their part in keeping subject merely at that place because it is said that the follow policy. See appendix. Educators seem to back up the school principal/headmaster by guaranting that the scholars observe school regulations and ordinances in they are held responsible for any misbehaviour hence the school has a commission responsible for behavior harmonizing to their types.Teachers can non work in isolation in acquiring read of ill-disciplined behavior in category in the school as a whole. It takes an attempt from all the stakeholders, including the school, parents and scholars to minimise deficiency of subject. See appendix.

Political Corruption and Empowerment Essay

engagement is dynamic process aimed at involving the masses so that they hobo formulate their own end goals and work together to realise them. Masses can non be forced to developicipate in projects which affect their lives but should be assumption the opportunity where possible.Em male monarchment Empowerment is an initiated process that enables the masses to gain power and extend it in such a way that they can use this power to sh be in changing social, economic and political structures. Empowerment is successful if the participants regard the result of their action as beneficial. Therefore participation is a tush of empowerment. It is a prerequisite for achieving empowerment. Empowerment is one of the consequences of participation, which means that if we want masses to gain power, they must participate. Empowerment is generally seen as a key for redeeming(prenominal) quality of life, increased human dignity, good governance, pro- abject growth, project effectiveness and imp roved service delivery (Narayan. 2002. 8.).Bureaucracy It means the structure and set of regulations that control the activities of lot that work for these schemes. It is characterized by standardized procedure (rule-following), formal division of responsibility, hierarchy, and impersonal relationships. Bureaucratic leader are concerned with ensuring workers follow rules and procedures accurately and consistently. The bureaucracy does non create or initiate policy, but it does implement policy decisions.Why mass participation and empowerment are important Empowerment puts people at the centre of the reading process it implies a participatory approach to development focusing on bottom-up approaches earlier than top-down bureaucratic methods. Empowerment increases the capabilities of the execrable to influence and hold accountable the institutions that provide for them. To this end, empowerment attempts to give power and knowledge to rural communities to assist in creating a bet ter quality of life, so that in the future they will have the skills to rely less on external forces to provide vital services and infrastructure.Mass participation is an essential part of the process of good local governance, and empowerment. To be meaningful, these processes must be seen as fundamental values of Healthy Cities and so must be developed as an integral part of long-term strategic development. Empowerment of mass is associated with cleaner business and governing body, and better governance. Specifically, the greater their involvement in public life, the lower the take of corruption, even in countries with the same income, civil liberties, education, and legal institutions.Masses Empowerment by dint of inclusion, voice, and accountability can also promote social cohesion and trust, qualities that support reduce corruption, reinforce government and project performance, and provide a conducive environment for reform, with consequential benefits for development effect iveness and economic growth. Finally, empowerment or overlook of it can also have ordained or negative socio-political effects on the outcomes of countries poverty reduction efforts.Why the concept of mass participation has been illusive in the third worldThere are some serious failures of the international community to contribute meaningfully to empowerment and participatory approaches. If countries are not willing to support countries that need help, then the future is bleak. Aid allocations need to increase if meaningful solutions are to occur. Making the rural poor involved in empowerment and participatory programs is hard to achieve due to their social exclusion. The gap between the poor in rural areas and those who are more wealthy is crowing and wideningBecause the rural poor are socially excluded, often development organisations such as the World Bank think of the poor are nescient and complacent. More often they are not excluded from participating in projects in a mean ingful way, due to pre existing biased views that they are not worthy, or indeed, have the skills to participate effectively. (Courtney et all in Godinot and Wodon (ed). 2006. 3).Lack of empowerment amongst rural people leads to their vulnerability and thus most development projects tend to benefit the benefactors rather than the beneficiaries. In light of this sustainable development is not achieved because non-participation of local people means that rural development is not self-sustaining. Therefore, local rural people coquet an important role in rural development because they understand their situation and problems better than the government, aid agencies and other stakeholders.This highlights the gap between the reality and ideal of empowerment and participatory development where the poor themselves are considered the centre of the process and the most vital players. Rural areas in developing countries experience large problems associated with access to primary amenities and services. Attempts to resolve this situation involve development programs using community empowerment in rural areas of developing nations to ameliorate instances of poverty.The aspirations deep inside the poor can only be brought out by making them the centre of the development process. They have difficulty expressing them due to their exclusion.How mass participation and empowerment are promoted or discouraged by the action of bureaucracyThe problem with bureaucracy is that Executives want to control everything even the simplest administrative decision has to be approved at the top. . One problem is unnecessary delays in outputs (Waterston 1965259) , for even though there are more than enough decreeds in the lower administrative ranks, they are not effectively employed in the posts to which they were appointed.Political involvement of officials when bureaucracy becomes involved in politics, this stimulates corruption. Officials start taking decision and performing actions that will benefit themselves, or groups in which they have an interest.Corruption is out of control. Development funds are siphoned off to hire friends or relatives. In some cases the money simply disappears.The clapperclaw of office by government functionaries is relatively common in areas of public procurement, revenue collection, government appointments and contracts, licensing and permits. In these areas of specialty, graft and venality are readily executed by dint of anyone of the following activitiesThe civil servant receives from a private contractor a fixed percentage of awarded government contracts the kickback may be in kind, such as free education for the children in foreign institutions, or in cash, paid directly into bank account.Police or other law enforcement agents use the scourge of sanctions to extort bribes in lieu of official fees or taxes. But paying bribes to avoid taxes or fees is equally damaging to society since governments depend on such revenues to provide public goods. The relative absence of revenues from taxes and fees also means less compensation for civil servants, which leads to more corrupt practices. One of the reasons adduced by low- level government employees for assumeing bribes is the infrequency of their monthly salary. Government employees in essential services, e.g. law enforcement, electric power supply, telecommunication etc.Customs agents insist on payments above the official rates or side payments before providing requisite services to both importers and exporters. Those unwilling to pay bribes stand the chance of losing their merchandise through forfeiture or theft.Civil servants award large contracts to companies owned by relatives or partners, and in return receive an agreed upon fee or lavish hospitality.Officials responsible for permits and licenses demand extra payment for services ordinarily called for by their office in cases where expediency is requested, a great deal more is demanded to speed-up the proce ss.Bureaucracies themselves create the causes of corruption. Salaries are low, lodgment is poor, officials lack professional qualification and status, all of which means that officials do not go through motivated to do good work, or to be loyal to the organisation.When a countrys resources are continually misallocated by corrupt government officials bent on maximizing their short-run selfish interests, development is severely hindered through a multitude of social and economic dislocations. The bureaucracy is unresponsive to the needs of the public there is an atmosphere of officials indifference and unsympathetic military capability toward the needs of the people. This is caused by the strictly centralised nature of the bureaucracies, the lack of mass participation and consequent lack of contact with the populace.A bureaucracy, crucially, is not only a structure, a mere organigramme with functional relationships and roles. It is a group of people with lives, emotions, aspiration s, energy, passion and values. Those that work in them often have strong values, great intentions and good ideas. about want to do good and not be negative. Somehow, however, good intent can evaporate as the dynamic of the organizational system unfolds. Can the positive virtues and potential of public sector bureaucracies and the people working in them be rediscovered? These include fostering fairness, equity, and equality of opportunity, being neutral and transparent. These are important achievements of democracy, to date the focus on efficiency can obscure these intentions.The most effective organizations are those where people feel they can be engaged and where their commitment to the organization lies beyond a contractual relationship and where a deeper emotional bond can be established both to the work itself and the organization. In these situations people feel they are able to be our true selves and to have a creative presence so that working gives the sensory faculty of p regnant possibilities and where they can develop an specialty that feels and appears effortless. Here energy and passion can come into alignment.Conclusion /My viewThe participation of communities in development projects is a major aspect of an empowering approach. Participation works well at the small scale. Community found organisations if trained correctly can manage and supervise locally based construction and nourishment activities very effectively (Meshack. 2004. 61). There is a fine balance between success and failure of participation in that it needs to be locally based with little input from external forces.Governments and donors can in fact undermine contributions made by the community in that they take over projects and locals lose their sense of self-command (Meshack. 2004. 61).Participation in development projects does however need outside stakeholders but the community needs to be the one driving the project, as there are many people who can contribute to a develop ment project.Empowerment involves expanding the capabilities of the poor. Its main process involves putting the community at the centre of the development process. The community becomes empowered due to the fact that they have a certain degree of control over their own resources, they gain a sense of ownership over the service or infrastructure being provided.One of the main concepts involved in creating efficient empowering projects include the access of the community to information, as inform citizens make better development decisions.Accountability in the development process is another crucial aspect of an empowering approach. Increasing the capabilities of the poor specifically refers to local organisational capacity. This is when a community works together to mobilise resources and tackle problems as a group. This is another major process involved in community empowerment.

It is right that students should contribute to the cost of their degrees? Essay

The level of education demonstrates how strong a nation is constructed. It represents one of the most important factors which tin at the process of the development of people from an intellectual and social point of view. More and more students wipe out the opportunity to obtain a phase and to have an appropriate career. In many countries the cost of their degrees are funded by the state, this increasing the number of applicants each year. However, there is not a matter of number, simply a matter of quality this being the principal account why students should contribute at the cost of their degrees.The governments should be aware that the effectiveness of education is measured after(prenominal) the number of ambitious, talented students who fulfil their potential. It is obvious that whether the state funds their degrees there exists the admissibility for students not to work so hard and not aiming to affirm within the society. From the mental point of view, people are inclined n ot to appreciate enough something for what they do not need to work hard in order to procure their goals. Whether the states would give a part of this responsibility to students, the perspective from what they understand the issue relating to education is likely to change for better.Many argue that this change would merely be a burden for students during their university years. The account of this is that they should concentrate on studying more than looking for a job to pay their degrees. Moreover, this is going to affect the students from all backgrounds as long as it is well-known that some of them cannot afford to pay large amounts of money for being educated. It might be true that the modification will cannote outcomes, but the benefits are higher. The government should pay attention more to the quality of students than the number of students.Taking into consideration all these outcomes, perhaps the government should act in a way so students concur even with a small amount of money. The apportionment of funds between the state and students will have a optimistic impact on the economy, being fewer problems relating the spending cuts in education. If not, taking into account that the state has to pay large amounts of money because the costs of obtaining a degree is higher and higher it will affect the way in which a country aims to improve its statute among the nations from all over the world.Likewise, there will be many advantages relating to facilitations. The government will not only pay attention to payment, but to all the needs of students and there will be more investments in necessary materials and equipment.Every state should be aware of the importance of the quality of education and the importance of making significant steps towards the improvement of students skills. According to students the in force(p) to participate at the cost of their degrees will not only motivate them to make the most of their education but also the economy will improve.

Primary Education and Trendy Brown Jacket Essay

The most important qualities of an outstanding teacher are those that make better teaching and enhance student learning. Key seam speeches often have an icebreaker I horizon I would provide the laughs literally It only seems bid yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the contain of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon age notwithstanding, were they the ruff long time of my life? For me they were very special. precisely I think the outstrip long time came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school.Mr Halley (there he is in his tr obliteratey brown jacket with elbow pads) was my outflank teacher he was well dench Of course that verbiage hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He do learning fun, he make it interesting. Key spirit speeches often have an icebreaker I ruling I would provide the laughs literally It only seems comparable yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the fire of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon old age nevertheless, were they the outgo days of my life? For me they were very special. only when I think the outflank days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his tr terminationy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that flavor hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He make learning fun, he do it interesting. Key argument speeches often have an icebreaker I vox populi I would provide the laughs literally It only seems exchangeable yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days unless, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Hal ley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that contemplation hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key tubercle speeches often have an icebreaker I estimation I would provide the laughs literally It only seems a equivalent yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken?It was the end of my primary education, andsecondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that verbiage hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yeste rday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken?It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting.Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he i s in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was.He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well denchOf course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmate s and I was taken? It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school.Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special.But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with e lbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life?For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the end o f my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon daysBut, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken? It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned.They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting. Key note speeches often have an icebreaker I thought I would provide the laughs literally It only seems like yesterday that this photo of my classmates and I was taken?It was the end of my primary education, and secondary school beckoned. They were halcyon days But, were they the best days of my life? For me they were very special. But I think the best days came later, as a result of my positive, and negative, experiences at school. Mr Halley (there he is in his trendy brown jacket with elbow pads) was my best teacher he was well dench Of course that expression hadnt been coined yet, but he was. He made learning fun, he made it interesting.

My Childhood Hero Essay

Every child has a hero, someone they look up to, someone who guides their thoughts and influences their life. My childhood hero was Belle from the fairytale, The Beauty and the Beast. As a child, I watched the movie end to end and read the book countless times, losing myself in her magical world so completely that I actually began to know the lines by center of attention. I never once got bored of it and frankly, right until today, Belle is fluent my inspiration.Though I first admired her for her out(p)er beauty, I then began to look up to her for her inner beauty. She was portrayed as such a happy young woman, helpful and loving and with a warm smile for all. Her ability to be everyones friend, to sing such delightful songs always made me happy and feel like part of her world, not just an on-looker. I actually used to concupiscence that Belle would come alive and be my friend.However, the main reason Belle became my hero was because of her sacrifice. Her willingness to let go of all she knew and love to save her father has never ceased to impress me. This in truth showed me the depth of her love for her father and taught me the value of family and parents. Besides depicting Belles loving side, her sacrifice also gave me an insight to her bravery. She braved the hound dogs in the mountains and continued with what she started out for, as a sacrifice to the beast who resided in a huge, deserted palace in the loneliest part of the mountains. It was through Belle that I learnt the importance of patience, endurance and perseverance. She had the courage to face the beast, to endure his fearful sight and to bear the brunt of his volatile temper just to save her fathers life. Not only that, Belle was also fitting to see through physical countenances and fall in love with the ugly beast instead of shunning him away and marrying the handsome but shallow Gaston.To me, Belle was and still is someone I want to be. I always wished to grow up to be the way Belle was. I related to her through our common passion for books and loved her for who she was. Through Belles final victory where the beast transformed back to a Prince and Gaston got defeated, she became my image of how the good and righteous always triumphs over the evil. The magic within the tale and the happily ever after ending has given me a reason to belief in the unbelievable, to have faith and truly trust the being of a greater power. The true love between the Beauty and the Beast is why I dream of my Prince charming finding me one day.Belles heart of gold made her my childhood hero. Ten years have passed and unabashedly I confess that she is still my role model and I still do hope that I am able to be as admirable as her. Who says fairy tales are for kids?

„the Yellow Wallpaper“: Autobiography or Fiction

Assignment The Yellow Wallpaper Autobiography or lying? Regarding the first supporting evidence where this short story is regarded as an important work of feminist literature that illustrates the attitudes of the 19th century towards women, more specifically their affable and physical health which the author tried to show according to her personal experience.The short story is actually a first personal journal compliance that was written by a cleaning woman whose husband was a physician that had confined her to a bedroom that he had rented for the summer. The women is forbidden to work and therefore she has to handle when she is writing in her journal because the husband believes that in this way she could recover from what he calls a temporary nervous depressiona slight hysterical tendency which was also a common diagnosis to women in the 19th century.Furthermore, this story depicts the effect of confinement on the storytellers noetic health, which is the woman and her fall i nto obsession because she has nothing to stimulate her so she becomes obsessed by the pattern and the color of the wallpaper. In the end, the woman imagines that there ar other women weirdo around behind the patters of the wallpaper, and comes to believe that she is one of them. The woman locks herself in the room with the torn yellow wallpaper and feels that now that it is the only place where she feels safe and refuses to leave.There are supporting elements within the story that makes the story an autobiography and not a fictional story. In my opinion, the way that the author writes in such(prenominal) detail and in such craze or so the wallpaper only gives me proof that the author herself experienced this craze of obsession over petty things for the simple reason of world confined and not having anything better to do since she was on rest cure and was not allowed to be with her child, work or tear down write.Basically, the details that the author writes about how something s imple, like wallpaper can cause an obsession can only be written by a person that actually experienced such a feeling in such a situation as written in the story. Considering the second supporting evidence that Gilman herself gives a statement on why she wrote The Yellow Wallpaper. The author explained that the idea for the story originated from her own personal experience as a patient and also stating that the real resolve of the story was to reachDr. S. Weir Mitchell (who was mentioned in the story itself) in order to convince him of the error in of his ways. Gilman had suffered from years of being depressed, and talked to a physician specializing in the rest cure. He put her on arest cure, advising her to live as domestic as possible and was forbidden to touch and doing anything that would stimulate her brain. After three months and close to completely giving up, Gilman decided to go against her diagnosis and continue to work and stimulate her mind again.And after she had rea lized how close she had come to the worst mental illness, she wrote The Yellow Wallpaper with additions and exaggerations to illustrate her point of misdiagnosis. In conclusion, The Yellow Wallpaper is an exaggerated account ofCharlotte Perkins Gilmans personal experiences where after being diagnosed and put on the rest cure she eventually felt herself beginning to go slowly insane from the inactivity.However, unlike the protagonist in her story, Gilman did not reach the point of organic madness, but she knew that her deteriorating mental condition was due to the oppressive medical regime that was meant to cure her. In addition, Dr. Mitchell and his treatment play a key role in the story in the third section of the text where the protagonists husband even threatens to send her to Weir Mitchell in the fall if she does not recover soon.According to the to a higher place arguments and the supporting facts, it can only be stated that it can be nothing more than an autobiography consis ting of exaggerated accounts of what the author was going through personally and thus giving the short story fictional elements. However, the short story is an autobiography for the simple reason of it being based on actual events and perceptions of the author, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, even if it consists of exaggerated and thus fictional elements.

In the time of the butterflies Essay

1 Overview In the Time of the Butterflies is a book about the struggle of the Mirabal sisters in their fight against the totalitarian of Rafael Leonidas Trujillo, the merciless ruler of the Dominican Republic. The, though, fictitious, book tackles many issues mainly centered on the Dominican Republic Government and the true essence of its function. The Mirabal sisters went through drastic changes, one of the notable themes in the book is that the sisters put photographs of Jesus Christ and Trujillo together and cite differences between the two.The tremors of a dictatorial rule to citizens is also another attention grabbing theme in the narrative. The stage in its entirety is told by the famous Mirabel sisters who each tell their version of how they fought Trujillos tyranny. The book was based on a true story Summary In an era where free will is totally controlled by one person, four sisters showed courage in its truest form and joined a scamp f hazardion to fight a dictator to the end. The tale of the Mirabel sisters tells a story of courage and repulsion.The four sisters denied dictatorial decree in every means indispensable until their lungs ceased to draw breath. The narrative starts with the surviving Mirabal sister, Dede. Telling th events of their struggle to an American interviewer. The succeeding chapters are told by each sister. Throughout the book, the sisters endeavors against the government, apart from this, a own(prenominal) struggle on the hands of Trujillo are also told by each sister. Three of the Mirabal sisters who were major contri stillors to the spring up separate that fought against Trujillio were beaten to termination in 1960.In the Time of the Butterflies 2 The Root of all Evil Trujillo claimed his name to power the hard look, meaning he did not simply grabbed it but he worked his way to achieve it. The path to his reign began when the United States conducted an occupation on the Dominican Republic in the twentieth century. The U. S Marine-trained Trujillo quickly rose among the ranks in the Guardia Nacional, an host of locals trained by the U. S armed forces. The United States made many developments during the occupation.The Americans built infrastructures, developed public health, and established schools, creating a middle-class society. Trujillo enrolled himself in a military school operated by America, in the year 1921. By the end of the year, he was assigned to command a particular battalion. This was the stepping stone to his rule. He the collaborated with rebel troops and forced the current president to file an immediate resignation. Come the next election, Trujillo was the sole candidate for the Dominican Party. Rafael Trujillos Tyrant career was already put into practice upon the beginning of his term.This is because of the disastrous hurricane that hit the country, Santo Domingo was totally devastated. Help soon arrived and the United States Red Cross provided the funds and the City of Santo Dom ingo was reconstructed by Trujillo. Tranquility lasted for a year, Trujillo later began to make the citizens aware of his powers. He decreed that the unaccompanied political party shall be the Dominican Party, hence making elections only a formality for his dictatorship to last. Government employees were forced to shell out ten percent of their wage to the National Treasury.All who opposed the decrees met their demise. From own yard, Trujillo spread out his domain to the local populace. Trujillo was incomprehensive of the full-sizegest challenge to his career, upon unveiling his will to the people, Maria Argentina Minerva Mirabal refused to be controlled by Trujillo and fought for what she believed in, Trujillo was un questionful of the other threats and the only dreadful perspective to him was to be beaten by a woman, when Trujillo finally got rid of his greatest nemesis, he thought the he finally won.Contrary to his convictions, the assassination of the key figures of the gua rd led to a revolution in a nationwide scale which led to the plot of his his death on May 30, 1961. In the Time of the Butterflies 3 The Way of the Butterfly Minerva was the second born of the Mirabal Sisters. Minerva grew up a strong woman with rebellious tendencies. She started concerning herself when she noticed that she cant even speak her mind in her own home. In Minervas narrative chapter, she told that her eyes opened little-by-little, she exclaimed that her primary motives were political as she fought for her freedom, as a girl and as a citizen.As she sees the torment inflicted by Trujillos cronies to her friends families, in her years with Immaculada Concepcion, her separatist ideology was turning into angst. Her revitalized cause went on, as she got associated with the Popular Socialist Party. Her indecorum with the groups leader strengthened Minervas rogue emotions toward the Trujillo Administration. These sentiments that she had were also backed up by literary works wi th leftist implications and radio frequencies from the nigh lands of Cuba and Venezuela that centered discussion on the Dominican Republics political turmoil.Minervas first encounter withTrujillo was when the Mirabals were invited to a party by Trujillo, the invitation was personally brought by prominent local government officials. Don Enrique, Dona Chea, Patria with her husband Pedro, Dede along with her husband Jaime and Minerva attended the Banquet. A storm ruined the party which prompted the family to make a gracile exit. Minervas father was immediately apprehended the next day, followed by Minerva and her Mother the day after. Trujillo, angered by the familys early departure, treated such act as a form of disrespect.Prior to their arrest, the governor suggested that Don Enrique should submit a letter of apology to Trujillo. The head of the Mirabal family complied, however Trujillo was not satisfied. Minerva was detained with her mother at he Hotel Nacional apart from Don Enri que who was barred at the Ciudad Trujillo(Santo Domingo). Everyday, Minerva was taken to the Fortaleza Ozama for interrogation. Minerva was questioned about communism charges and was also obliged to write a letter of apology but declined.The connections of the family brought Minerva and her family back to libertys arm. In the Time of the Butterflies 4 They were again arrested, after two years of freedom, Don Enrique was incarcerated on Ozama while Minerva and the other females were position under house arrest. They were convicted of failure to purchase a book written about Trujillo. The truth behind the arrest was actually Minervas contempt for Trujillos ideologies in government. These accounts proved to be too straining for their father, fear and stress brought Don Enrique Mirabal to his grave in 1953.Due to this recent events, Minervas motives list added a fresh one, a personal motive, her angst turned into desire, the desire to get Rafael Trujillo out of position. She went to th e city of Santo Domingo to study law in her belief that it would give her a big leap in her struggle against Trujillos governance, she was then persuaded by a law professor, Lio Morales and taught her that Trujillo was Neither the God nor the Supreme Ruler whom the people believed he is. As she was in law school, her her studies were ordered to stop due to the sensitivity of her topic.The next years were periods of peace for Minerva as she led a normal life. Minerva and her sisters pursued romantic relationships. Four years later Minerva would be part of an internal anti-regime group in her re-kindled attempts to abolish the Trujillo-led government. The group in which Minervas husband was the president, was named The 14th of June Movement. The battlefront was named as such as a tribute to the Dominican Liberation Troops who were slaughtered by Trujillos army in an effort to end his regime.The group has an elite subgroup The Butterflies in which Minerva is a part of. The members of the Leftist Sect were apprehended and later released due to increasing anti-government uprisings. Unfortunately, some of the prisoners remained, one of them was Minervas husband Manuel. This go by Trujillo did not stop Minerva in fighting for her cause, one after noon when Minerva was on her way home from a visit to her husband, the vehicle they were in was ambushed by the Trujillo Soldiers.They were brought in a sugarcane filled where the unarmed Minerva together with her sisters Patria and Maria Teresa. Here they were ruthlessly beaten to death. Minerva did not die in vain. Her death served as a wake up call and started an anti Trujillo which resulted to the rulers assassination, thus ending his barbarous sovereignty.References Alvarez, J. (1994). In the Time of the Butterflies. New York. Alonquin.

American Health Care Essay

Mckenzie pickleClutter 1 2/27/13 Mr. Allen(pd. 7) the Statesn Healthc argon A Transformation from Crap to Gold America is without a question the leading country of medical and scientific advances. There always seem to be a new medical breakthrough every time you watch the news or designate the paper, especi ally in the cure of certain diseases. However, the medical research subscribe tos an enormous total of silver. The U. S. spends the approximately money on health care yet many people, mainly the working class Americans are quiet down without any type of health redress and thus are more than than(prenominal) susceptible to health risks and problems.The fancy of health insurance for Americans was formulated over a century ago. Most Americans obtain health insurance from employers or government programs, scarce some Americans are without health insurance. Most of them non being adequate to pass for it. In 2010, 49. 9 million were without insurance. Thats 16. 3% of the total population. 18. 4% were the percentage of uninsured Americans jr. than 65 in 2010. When it comes to the join States, American health care is described as the Capitalist System. In England they have what is called as the Socialist arranging. In America, health care is going to change all because of Obama.Obama laborious to do what he thinks is exceed and pull up stakes be worth it in the long run called the affordable Care Act or the called Obama Care. Capitalism is a free market that balances demand with supply, it works by using money to connect consumer wants and needs (demand) with the production and distribution of goods and returns (supply). Capitalism implies equal prospect and there will also be winners and losers (example high class, middle class low class). For capitalism to function, the consumer moldiness have control of spending and enough information to be a wise shopper in his or her ownClutter 2 self-interest. In U. S. healthcare, the consumer/patient has virtually no control over who will provide service or what service will be provided. 1 has to buy insurance which is a certain amount of money a month to receive health care. You also have to channel approved to get something done say like a surgery. You have to fill out forms, send them in and bet to hear back within the company or the person doing your surgery. If you get approved which is rare then(prenominal) you can go on with your surgery if not you have to find someone who will and who takes your insurance.In most cases you are denied due to doctors wanting money because the more doctors deny surgerys the more they sustain are many positive things when it comes to the capitalist system, one being the number of jobs increase but this is not as great as it sounds. There are also negatives to this. One being capitalism makes the voluminous richer. Insurance outside of the United States (for example England) is run by the socialist system, which is paid by the governmen t. One of the goals of socialized medicine systems is ensuring universal access to health care. Only thing in return is to pay higher taxes. You receive free health care.You cant get denied for any surgery. You dont have to have insurance to receive health care. Also prescriptions you receive from a pharmacy are only a flat rate no more or less unless you are chthonian a certain age or a senior citizen in that case it is free. In the United States, neither of the main parties favors a socialized system that puts the government in charge of hospitals or doctors, but they do have different approaches to financing and access. Democrats tend to be favorably inclined towards reform that involves more government control over health care financing and citizens right of access to health care.Republicans are broadly in favor of the status quo, or a reform of the financing system that gives more power to the citizen, often through tax credits. Both sides have also looked to more philosophica l arguments, debating Clutter 3 whether people have a fundamental right to have health care provided to them by their government. In this system, doctors receive more money when they help out patients unlike the United States. The Patient auspices and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), commonly called Obama care, is a United States federal statute signed into legal philosophy by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, it represents the most pregnant government expansion and regulatory overhaul of the U. S. healthcare system since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. Guaranteed issue will require policies to be issued regardless of any medical condition, and partial community rating will require insurers to offer the same premium to all applicants of the same age and geographical location without regard to sexual practice or most pre-existing conditions.It requires that all individuals not covered by an employer sponsored health plan, Medicaid, Medicare or another(prenominal) public insurance programs, secure an approved private-insurance policy or pay a penalty. According to this system, a child would stay under their parents insurance until they turn twenty-six. The non-participating employers/ citizens, health insurances and hospitals will be taxed. Doctors would receive more money when helping patients more. Also, each year one hundred and twenty-five million dollars will go towards funding school-based health centers and programs to reduce teen pregnancy.Also the number of bankruptcies will be reduced due to this system. This system is planned to take effect in 2014. All these systems all have good and bad ideas when it comes to healthcare. They all point out past, present and future plans and ideas that could be good or bad. In my opinion the best Clutter 4 health care system would be the Affordable Care Act or the Obama Care Act. This uses both the capitalist and socialist system an d combines them. It affects every citizen in the United States. I notice like this would be affective and help the people of America out to the better.

Babysitting for Sociology

Over the past seven years I put one across come to learn galore(postnominal) varied things about myself and about children due to baby sitting. I first started babysitting when I was a about eleven years of age. I started off by molding my younger brothers when my pargonnts went out at night. That affected my biological rhythm (274). My body was functiond to exhalation to peacefulness nearly nine oclock since I was s coin bank young, but I had to force myself to stay up so I could watch oer my brothers while they slept. I sometimes found myself staying up till about midnight Since I was so tired from staying up it seemed to have an affect on my sleeping also.It seemed worry I would have more dreams that I could vividly remember the next morning (280). The next join of nights after I babysat, it seemed like by body was on rapid eye movement sleep rebound due to the stages of REM sleep I would miss (276). Now that I am older I have clever my body to be able to stay awak e and non feel like I had sleep derivation the next day (280). During the duration of training my body to stay awake late, I spotledgeable a few things the hard way. I first thought that if I drank a lot of caffein I would be able to stay awake longer and easier.Well that thought nearly ruined me It wasnt soon after I started relying on caffeine that my body became tolerant to it, and it seemed like I couldnt go sleep without it or wake up without it (297) At first it seemed like I was going through and through a withdrawal period (297). My body was craving the caffeine so badly that I felt sick without it. From that experience I have erudite that doing homework or talking on the phone helps me stay awake while I am waiting on the childrens parents to draw home. I am lucky that I have precisely suffered from habituation to caffeine and not drugs.A booster shot of mine became addicted to cocaine due to having to stay awake late for school. When she took that drug she said it make her feel like she could stay awake forever. To stay awake that is what a person wants to feel. Cocaine addiction is a fast track from euphoria to crash (301). Through my many years of experience in babysitting I have well-educated that most children f entirely under the category of associative learning. associatory learning is learning that certain events occur to stick toher (315). For example with most children after everything they do thither is some sort of consequence.Younger kids have a tendency to get into things that they shouldnt. Therefore, after they get into something that is off limits, they get in trouble. After watching kids fall under that category I also realized that many adults fall under it also. It seems like after every action there is a consequence. Here are some examples of kids actions and the responses they get. When a kid eats or drinks, automatically they have to use pee or poop afterwards. That is an example of unconditioned response (317). The s ubstance the kid puts in their mouth is the unconditioned input signal (317).A kid has to use the restroom soon after they eat because they havent quite learned how to control their urges. That is why they sometimes also go the bathroom in their pants. I learned a lot about babysitting through observational learning. Observational learning is observing and intimating others (341). When I was younger and I was unable to baby sit, a close family friend used to come over and watch my brothers and I. I learned a lot of from her. I learned many games from her that I now assemble with the kids I baby-sit. That comes in handy when I try to keep all of the kids occupied.Another thing that I learned from her that comes in handy when babysitting is patience. Patience plays a very big role. Kids repeat things over and over again, in other words they dont know when to quit. That turns into getting on my nerves a lot. I have learned not to let it bother me as much. I have taught myself to con sider a deep breath when that happens and try to get the kids minds on something else. There are two different kinds of reinforcement I use with the kids while I baby-sit. They are positive and negative reinforcement (329).I use positive reinforcement when the kids do something that is good. For example, if they light(a) off their plates after they eat and get everything ready for bed, I will give them a good night treat. If the kids do something bad or if they go against what I tell them to do, I use negative reinforcement. Negative reinforcement may be they do not get a good night treat, they have to go to bed a half an time of day early, or I may even give a bad report to their parents. I only give a bad report to the parents if they didnt listen to me at all, or if they continued to rear talk me.I find a lot that latent learning occurs a lot with the kids also (334). opus I am baby-sitting I try to teach the kids something new every time. Sometimes they pick it in good orde r up other times it takes a while. For example, I try to teach the kids to always wash their give before and after they eat. I teach them by making a point to let them know what I am doing when I wash my hands. Soon after, I will catch one of the kids nerve-wracking to reach the facet to turn it on so they can wash their hands. When it comes to the kids memory, its not very long.It seems like to me that kids only remember things if they really want it. Other than that, they have short destination memory. Short term memory is when you learn something but shortly afterwards you forget what it is (362). For example, when I am helping the kids clean up their room I try to tell them where stuff goes so that they can do it on their own. Well every time it comes to clean up time, they dont remember where anything goes. When ever the kids do remember what I have said or taught them, they are retrieving memories from storage. Storage is the heart of memory (361).Through all of my years of baby-sitting and experiences, I have learned many things about myself and about the kids I watch. I am now able to predict what certain kids are going to do or say at a certain time. I have gotten to know each of their personalities and became familiar with they things they like and the things they dont like. I am also familiar with the things they know and what things they do not know. Through everything the kids put me through and taught me, I have learned a very important thing about myself. I erotic love working with kids and that is what I hope to do in life regardless of what field it is in.

Positivism vs Interpretivism

Positivism vs Interpretivism Positivism is an approach in sociology that believes society shtup be studied using similar scientific techniques to those used in the natural sciences. (Browne, 2006) This concept tends to put up quantitative data and Concerned with hypothesis testing. (Collis and Hussey, 2003) Interpretivism is an approach emphasizing that people welcome consciousness involving face-to-face beliefs, values and interpretations and these influence the way they act. They do not simply respond to forces outside them. Browne, 2006) This concept tends to put out qualitative data and concerned with generating theories. (Collis and Hussey, 2003) Research matter Gaspar (2005) pointed out that employee in a competition milieu is encouraged to work more efficiency in a partnership. However, Kurland. (1996) said that employees functional in mellow competition environment will do some unethical behaviour for their achievements. Two of these interrogation articles have di sparate opinion, so there is a question which is high competitive whether inspection and repair a company or it breaks a company down.Therefore, my interrogation topic is does running high competition system help a company to become successful in long term? Application of research philosophies This topic through Positivism conducts qualitative data for exploring the relationship between competition and productivity. Researcher should use experiments methods to research this topic. For example, in a sales department, detectives can separate two different groups of the employee one of the group is getting stable salary and the other one is getting commission salary.Based on the data of two different groups employee, to compare its working time, output and time required for specific work to stop whether the competition system can increase the productivity in this company. Also, research can use surveys to nail some data such as the amount of unethical behaviour between normal working environment and high competitive working environment to see which environment happen more unethical behaviour in a company.This topic through Interpretivism conduct qualitative data for reflecting the research kindred find out reasons why the productivity increases in the company. Researchers create some questionnaires for employees to get some opinions. For example, researcher asks employees why work hard even if he is ill. At the end, the researcher will sum up all of the opinion from employees to show the phenomenon. Also, researchers can directly observe employees emotion and behaviour to analyse why they have this action.For example, in a sales department, researcher sees the employee may lie to the consumer for getting more commissions which the researcher will use the opinion by itself. In conclusion, Interpretivism is a better philosophy in this research topic, because it will consider the reason why the productivity increase or employees do unethical behaviour. Thi s turn up of the research is more useful for this topic. In Positivism, it just uses some data to prove the productivity increase but it cannot provide reasons to explain the relationship between competition and productivity.

How are marked and unmarked identities socially produced

A simple definition of identity element might be no more than who we argon. companionship of the same nationality or age, for example, push aside be said to wee an identity in common. It follows that by virtue of belonging to more than one group, or collective identity, we exclusively have multiple identities. Identities can connect masses and disconnect them too. Similarities in group identities may bem mapping rise to positive connections mingled with state, but equally connections may be negative when referring to differences.An identity created by differences can be one that is negatively valued one which ceases to be equal and one where tender life is maintained on an imbalance. Identities can be both(prenominal) individual (for example female, Southerner) and, by referring to relationships and connections to differents (whether they be similar or different), complaisant. Furthermore, complaisant identities can be either situated, that is given by what people at omic number 18 doing (shopping, working), or relational and given by the relationships between people.It is important to none this relational identity can be unequal. The concepts of attach and unmarked identities argon a pairing of unequal relational identities where the unmarked identities taken for granted atomic number 18 non noticed in contrast to the marked identities, which always ar. As Taylor states, the marked identities in most cases simple machinery a negative value (Taylor, 2009, p179). This es presuppose describes the way marked and unmarked identities are created. An example of marked and unmarked identity is found in Rabans Street People.They were the unsettled living on the streets of New York they were grouped by others (everyone else) as a collection of thieves, alcoholics, the temporarily out of work (Raban cited in Taylor p176). The identity given to the Street People is relational it is both detailed and negative and is the marked identity of the pairing. Everyone else, the other half of the relationship, is of course the unmarked identity. People with unmarked identities have a mistily positive normal identity which is not really described (Taylor, 2009, p179).Moreover, the Street People were grouped unneurotic as organism the same, because as Taylor suggests it is part of the nature of group identities that they are not seen as individuals with different life histories (2009, p177). The cordial process by dint of which the difference of other people is marked and their negatively valued identity becomes accomplished is known as Othering (Taylor, 2009, p179). From the articles both the Roma or immigrants and the thugs are the marked identities.The Roma immigrants have a racial and ethnic collective identity they are Roma, from Romania, living in Northern Ireland, some of whom are English-speaking. The attacks against them (by the thugs) are racially motivated, and in racist rhetoric a patronise insistence is that immi grants should go back to where they come from. As Taylor observes, a racial and ethnic identity, like the Roma, lots positions people as recent immigrants to the country in which they were born and grew up (2009, p182).Although the article doesnt say how long the immigrant Roma people have been living in Belfast, the mention of a baby indicates that in this community there is at least a second generation. The other marked identity is that of the thugs. They are described with labels such as, gang, neo-Nazi, racist criminals and far-right faction whose actions were illegal although unlike the Street People they may be comfortable claiming at least part of that identity.In both articles figures of trust use powerful language to condemn the behaviour of the thugs and unconditionally support the Roma. The Roma are recognised as making a contribution to the community where they were living, presumably side by side with their assailants, in a cosmopolitan district of Belfast. Despite t his, however, they remain marked their identity is further reinforced and re-created by the negative effect of the rhetoric of persecution and discrimination in both the articles.In contrast, the unmarked identity are the Western, white, Irish who are also given a situational identity by association with their cosmopolitan and laden place of residence a strong impression is given of a nice (not a proletariat) place to live. In the article the journalist makes a particular point of mentioning that the attacks did not happen in a working-class, Protestant neighbourhood, where perhaps it would be less surprising to see this behaviour? In a modern ships company it is no longer possible to divide up a community into Karl Marxs neat groups of capitalists and workers.A more complex picture exists in the contemporary UK of middle-class and working-class groups. some(prenominal) terms refer to characteristics such as affluence, education, background and even accent, furthermore terms, s uch as chav, fashionable or yummy mummy can add further detail. In the article the description of Lisburn roadway with coffee shops full of affluent young mothers is describing a comfortable, middle-class district which confers an identity just on the unmarked.As with Rabans Street People, the Roma and the thugs have been grouped into an imagined community. Imagined refers to the importance of our ideas and beliefs about the adult male (Taylor, 2009, p178). Typically, members of an imagined community are too numerous to be personally acquainted, however, as both the Roma and thugs were relatively picayune groups it is probable that members were acquainted. The negative collective identity, again as with the Street People, was given by others. Taylor suggests that at some level the experience of being homeless in a modern society in some way existd the Street People as a group, as the experience of persecution helped constitute the Roma as a group (2009, p178).Finally, the stor y of the Roma people here is an example of how established differences and inequalities are reinforced. The attacks by the thugs were part of a trend of growing abuses against the Roma across Europe (www. amnestry. org. uk accessed celestial latitude 2010) they were challenging and contesting the right of the Roma to live in their community. In turn their persecution of the Roma was challenged by residents of the community and figures of authority in an attempt to repair and improve society. Taylor, S (2009) Who do we think we are? Identities in everyday life in Taylor, S. Hinchliffe, S. , Clarke, J. and Bromley, S. (eds) Making Social Lives, Milton Keynes, The Open University.Amnesty International accessed 4th celestial latitude 2010 http//www. amnesty. org. uk/news_details. asp? NewID=18258 Order and predictability are important if society is to exist therefore it is inherent that social put in is maintained. Social enjoin can be referred to as a set of linked social structures, social institutions and social practices which act to conserve, maintain and enforce an orderly way of relating and behaving indoors society.There are motley wads and theories of how social order is created at heart society two such views come from Erving Goffman and Michael Foucault. The difference between theories such as those of Erving Goffman and Michael Foucault is primarily one of focus. Goffman analysed social rules governing nonverbal interactions by individual people to let his theories using the metaphor of a bailiwick. Goffman demonstrated that the most casual actions, such as posture, dust and nerve center movements that people make are performances aimed toward communicating a positive impression for an audience.Goffman focused on the self and self-presentation he preferred to study individuals. Goffmans descriptions of individuals face-to-face interactions formed the large body of his work by dint of this he noted that social interactions could be reworked by changing interactions. In contrast, Michael Foucault preferred to analyse the entire society. He examined the ways in which societies function and the principles of exclusion societies developed to define their differing forms of order throughout different historical fourth dimensions.Foucault did not conduct the type of first hand and intensive stadium work characteristic of the development of Goffmans theories. Foucaults theories on history and the self were more impersonal and global in focus. They centred on how societies interpreted and implemented their definitions of sane and insane, innocent and criminal and insider and outsider and how with each differing discourse social change emerged creating a new and greater power than the last.Goffman looks at the way individuals present themselves and their activities to others using the theatre as a framework. In his theory of impression focus Goffman saw that through interaction with others in society an impression of the su bject is given off to others. This is automatic and inevitable. The way people perceive others is through this social interaction. This means that through messages that are given off whether intended or unintended they are the judgments by which people will hold their opinion of others they come into contact with.According to Goffman impression management is fundamentally about expressive responsibility it is about self-consciously crafting an exterior appearance that will not offend the audience. In other words social interaction is an act of dramatization in which people perform in accordance with the social order or surroundings expected of them the nature of the environment and with the goal of manufacturing performances that are acceptable keeps social order constant but if these interactions are changed or reworked the gist will be different disrupting the social norms within society (Silva, 2009, p. 16).In contrast to Goffmans research Foucault dismisses the view that indiv iduals have any power or control over society facial expression instead at historical evidence and exploring how social order is written and talked about differently depending on what is deemed appropriate by the organisations which govern society at the time which he is studying he called these discourses the way different frameworks pull back what is acceptable within these periods of time whether it be the way people are talking or playing at any given point in history.So as well as looking at how these subjects act within the larger society he is looking at society itself as a larger organism this allows him to explore micro as well as macro or else than Goffmans studies of only the micro or the individual. (Silva, 2009, p. 319) There are however similarities between the two in that they are both concerned with the bigger picture of scaning how society and social order is formed, maintained, changed and rebuilt over time the differences only become visible when their methods and theories are broken down.A good way to explore both the similarities and differences in these theories is to look at the case studies by Buchanan and Monderman In these instances the focus is the relationship between merchandise and pedestrians and how the governance of these variables act as agents in the conception of social order. Buchanan and Monderman explored how the relationship between traffic and pedestrians makes and remakes social order.Traffic congestion in Britains towns and cities increased in correlation with the rise in car ownership following the conclusion of the Second World War. Buchanan was commissioned in 1961 by the UK Government to brook the report Traffic in Towns. This report was deemed necessary to avoid demand for road space being greater than that available. The recommendation of the Buchanan report was that traffic and pedestrians should be segregated.Buchanans principle was to isolate areas for working, shopping and leisure, affiliate to corrid ors where traffic could move freely without disruption, regulating the movements of both traffic and pedestrians. The isolated areas were described as environmental units (Silva, 2009, p. 328). Mondermans view directly contradicted the ideas presented by Buchanan. Monderman challenged the principle of segregation as well as other factors associated with traffic calming such as warning signs and speed humps.This philosophy of shared space takes a different approach to public spaces and highways in that segregation are almost exclusive to highways. Mondermans thesis uses psychological traffic calming to improve road safety using measures such as abolishing wayside markings and Signposting. Monderman pioneered the idea of the naked street the removal of what he viewed as unnecessary street furniture within this model which promotes the idea of social order being maintained and balanced by the interaction between drivers and pedestrians (Silva, 2009, p. 333).Monderman displays awarene ss and understanding of the driver of the vehicle in contrast to Buchanan, Monderman implies that the driver earlier than the vehicle is the true(a) cause of potential danger on the road. Both of these studies can be used and compared to those of Foucault and Goffman both have differing views centred on the same big issue for example Michel Foucault theorised that we behave according to what he refers to as discourse. In this instance discourse is what is in everyday talking, thinking and reading, but it has come down from people and institutions invested with authority.In his view we think we are free to act but in reality we are obeying authority figures this can applied to the report by Colin Buchanan When people drive they automatically obey road signs and natural features Foucault proposes that discourses are replaced as the need arises but that they are always cascaded down from authority figures. These figures change through time from the organisations in charge of social order and so on. So as we had more cars on the road we had new rules around their use.Mondermans approach had the street furniture and segregation and claimed that pedestrians going through what became known as shared spaces instinctively knew to be aware of other road users and pedestrians and negotiated their way by making eye contact with each other.Erving Goffmans theory can be compared to this as he believed that people interact with each other in daily life to make things work better so that they can make changes in social order which they can claim as their own rather controlled governing bodies. n conclusion both have many similarities such as their desire to understand social life and order, they are both rational in their ideas of authority although neither claims to have a definitive theory of social order both believe it is made up of sequences whether it be small individual pieces or discourses that creates power and organisation however they differ in their approaches to what components make up society one taking the individual and one taking society as a whole.One believe that the way individuals act towards one another directly affects how social order is made and remade one believe that this is only influenced by larger organisms such as government as a whole not as individual entities. Both views have merit and are not without fault but are in their own ways directly concerned with the bigger picture that is social order within society.